Carburetor for explosion engines



Jan. 16, 1923. J. S. STAPLES.

CARBURETOR FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES.

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FILED DEC.6,I9 17.

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J. s. STAPLES. CARBURETOR FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FILED 0205611911.

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J. S. STAPLES.

CARBURETOR FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES. man DEC-@1917.

Jan. 16, 1923.

Patented Jan. 16, 1923.

UNITED s,T- TE.s PATENT orricE;

7 JOHN SEWELL'STAPLES, or LONDON, ENGLAND.

CARBURETOR FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES.

Application filed December 6, 1917. Serial No. 205,862.

To aZZ whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, JOHN SEWELL Sr-A- PLES, a subject of the King of England, re-

siding in London, England, have invented certain new and Carburetors for Explosion Engines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in carburetors for explosion engines. I

In my improved carburetor a number of fuel orifices or jets formed in a horizontal member are closed or opened by the move mentupon said member-of the edge of a throttle slide, the position given to the slide allowing a greater or less number of said orifices or jets to be brought into'action. At full opening of the slide suction is'exertedon the full range of jets and as there is then no obstruction or restriction of the size of the suction conduit, the greatest possible amount of fuel is supplied. At slow speeds of the engine a certain number of the fuel orifices are closed by the slide and the suction is exerted to the fullest possible extent on the remaining uncovered jets, al-. lowing a mixture to be formed at a speed of the engine which with known carburetors would not be sufiicient to pick up the necessary fuel.

I further provide an air governing'slide adjacent the throttle slide and movable transversely I ply opening being governed by the relative movement of the'two slides and proportional I to the fuel supply; the air currentlfiows transversely across the horizontal row of intimate mixture to be fuel jets causing an produced. I

A further feature ofmy invention consists in improved means for controlling the supply of fuel to the jets, and a further feature consists in the provision of a heating member for heavv fuelarranged adjacent the fuel jets, whereby said heavy fuel is volatilized as it passesth'roughthe fuel= jets, and choking of the jets is prevented.

These and other features of my improved carburetor will be hereinafter fully described and referred to in the appended claims.

ample of construction of the improved carburetor adapted fortwo kinds of fuel;

Figure 1 is a plan view. j Figure 2 is a section on line AA of Fig.1.

useful Improvements in gases or hot water thereto, the size of the air supv v slide The annexed drawings illustrate an eX- and Figure 4 is a detail view illustrating;

The improved carburetor comprises a flat member 1 having alrectangular aperture 2, a water or gas heated'tubular body or extension 3 being provided for the connection of the carburetor to the induction pipe of the engine. This body has a circular opening 4 of the same diameter as'that of the induction pipe and has a flange 5 for the attachment to the induction pipe. The flat'member 1 supports the'jet forming mem bers, throttle slides and the like.

h or connected to the flat member 1 passage of the exhaust forheating the fuel adjacent the said orifices. This conduit is provided at each end with a union 43 and 44 respectivelyfor the connection of the pipes conveying the heating fluid. -By removing these unions theconduit 7 canbe easily cleaned out. The member 1 is on its face 15 with a fuel municating with an ordinary float chamber or. chambers. In the example illustrated two float chambers 9, 10 are used, one for duct 8 com instance for petrol and the other for paraffin, these chambers being 'connected to the member 1 by arms 11, .12, as illustratedin Fig. *1, or in any other suitable manner.

Against the face of. the member 1 a plate" Bis-mounted having a ground face to m'ake an air tight joint therewith and provided on this face with serrations extending from the upper. edge said fuel duct 8 so that'a series of parallel jets 6 are formed substantially on a line with the bottom of the rectangular aperture 2 andextending'along the thereof. These jets 6 are normally covered and closed by a horizontally movable throt tle' slidela of dovetail section against the surface 15 'of the member 1 across the aperture 2-and iower edge-15 on the upper inclined surfaces of the memberl and plate 13 so that as this throttle slide is opened, to openfor uncover the aperture 2, itprogressively uncovers the jets 6 as indicated'in Fig. 2. The

Integral;

also provided of said plate 13 to the afore whole width adapted to Figure 3is a section on'line B'B of Fig.

fitting with its 5 slide is dovetailed into the main plate as illustratedin Fig. 2. -The throttle slide 14; is held closely in contact with the inclined surfaces 15 15- by means of set screws 15 acting on an intermediate plate :16 bearing on the throttle slide and further the suction of the engine tends to maintain the slide 14 in contact with the surface 15. A vertically sliding plate 17 is arranged behind the throttle slide 14 and is used to regulate the supply of air to produce a good mixture. The bottom edge of the slide 17 abuts on the ledge 18 of the slide 1% when the said slide 17 is in its lowest position, the object being to bring the slide 17 as near as possible into the plane of the fuel jets while at the same time giving sufficient width to the edge 15. The air slide 1'? and the throttle slide 1 1 are operated in any suitable manner. The fuel duct 8 communicates with the two float chambers, the supply of the different fuels being controlled preferably by means of needle valyes 19, 20.

Attached to the rear face of the member 1 is a doubled walled tubular body 21. heated by the exhaust gases or water circulating in the space 22. 23 and 24 are unions for the connection of the pipes conveying the heating fluid. The end 23 of the body 21 is connected to the member 1 by screws and a flange 24 and is at the end of rectangular shape and has a rectangular opening 28' to conform with the rectangular aperture 2 of the member 1.

The other end 25 of the body 21. is also of rectangular shape but is of flattened section and has a flattened rectangular opening 25". 26 is a detachable lid for closing and allowing of cleaning the space 22. 27 is the bell cover of sheet metal which is attached to the body 21, by nuts 28 the screws 29 of which are received in lugs 30 and pass through the lid 26 and'the bell cover 27 the rear wall of which is separated from the body 21 bydistance pieces 31.

The flange 24: forms a guide for the air slide of the carburetor.

The area of opening 25 thanthe area of the opening 23 and the said opening is flattened in section so that the ingoing air,'the flow of which is indicated by the arrows, is caused to pass close to the heater walls without being restricted.

This heating" device thoroughly and uniformly heats the air while occupying the is slightly larger minimum of space, no heat beingradiated to waste from the heater or lost between the point where the air is warmed and the point when it mixes with the fuel.

Fig. 4 illustrates on a'larger scale the mechanism for actuating the needle valves controlling the supply of fuel from the float chambers 9, 10;

Abovethe two vertically movable needle valves 19 and-2O (one for each float chamber) is mounted a bracket 32 carrying a rocking fan shaped lever 33 freely mounted on a spindle 34. Also freely mounted on this spindle 34: are two small levers 85, 36, the backs 'of which are provided with projecting pins 35, 36 under which the re spective curved sides 37 and 38 can engage. Attached to the respective levers 35, 36 are two small cables or chains 39, 40, the other ends of which are attached to the respective needle valves 19 and 20.

When the lever 33 is shifted over in the one or other-direction by means of the cables 10, 40", the corresponding lever 35 or 36 will be lifted by the'action of'the fan shaped lever 33 and will lift the corresponding needle against the action of its spring ll or 42, thereby allowing fuel to flow from the corresponding float chamber 9 or 10 through the respective conduit 19* or 19 to the main duct 8 and so to the fuel nozzles.

For certain types of engines the body 3 can be omitted and the main member 1 connected direct to the engine.

The opening 2 is equal to, or slightly larger than the cross sectional area of the suction conduit, consequently at full openingof the air and jet slides there is no constriction or restriction of the suction Iconduit. I

It can be seen that the air supply flows over and at right angles to the horizontal row of fuel orifices and as the suction is always exerted to the fullest possible extent on the jets which are for the time being un- 100 covered, the mixture can be formed at a speed of the engine which with ordinary carburetors would not be suflicient toipick up the fuel.

Alsothe provision of the heating tube adjacent the fuel orifices allows the "useof a heav fuel without choking the fine serrations forming-the actual fuel jets, since by placing this heater at the position indicated the fuel is highly heated and volatilized as it 110 passes through the serrations, and chokingof the fuel jets is prevented.

What I claim as my invention and desire a to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 115 1. A carburetor for explosion engines, comprising a vertical flat member provided with a fuel ductand a rectangular aperture,

3 plate rovided with aseries of serrations and fitting closely against said main plate 120 and having its upper edge substantially level with the bottom of said aperture,-the said serrations forming with said plate ahorizontal row of fuel orifices, a horizonof said slide on said orifices, means for supplying one or other of a plurality of kinds of fuel through said duct to said orifices, means for heating said fiat member adjacent said serrations, a flat slide normally resting with its lower edge on said ledge and movable vertically in contact with the rear face of said horizontally movable slide, and adapted to regulate the size of the aperture uncovered by said horizontal slide and means for conveying air to said aperture, a tubular Water or gas heated member conducting air to said aperture connected to the rear face of said main plate, and a bell shaped member surrounding said tubular member so as to cause the air to pass first over the external wall and then over the internal wall of said tubular member to pass throu h said aperture.

2. carburetor for explosion engines comprising a rectangular vertical main member provided with a fuel duct and a rectangular aperture slightly larger in area to the cross sectional area of the induction pipe of the engine, a projecting portion having an inclined upper surface disposed along the lower edge of said main plate, a plate provided with a series of serrations in connection with said duct and fitting closely against said projecting portion and having its upper edge substantially level with the bottom of said aperture and its upper surface inclined similarly to the upper surface of said projecting portion, the said serrations forming with said plate a horizontal roW of fuel orifices, a horizontally movable flat slide of dovetail section adapted to progressively cover or uncover said fuel orifices with its lower edge and said aperture with its front face, a horizontal ledge extending along the bottom edge of the rear face of said horizontally movable slide, means for adjusting said horizontal slide to cause it to bear closely on said'inclined surfaces and against said main plate, means for supplying one or other of a plurality of kinds of fuel through said duct to said orifices, a straight conduit extending along the lower edge of said vertical main member, means for conveying heating fluid thereto, a fiat slide normally resting with its lower edge on said ledge and movable vertically in contact with the rear faceof said horizontally movable slide and adapted toregulate the size of the aperture uncovered by said horizontal slide, and means for conveying air to said aperture' In witness whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN SEWELL STAPLES.

Witnesses: I

A. J. HADDAN, A. MORRELL. 

